Understanding Cystectomy: Causes, Procedure, and Recovery

Hearing the word “surgery” can feel overwhelming. But understanding what it means can replace fear with confidence. A cystectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a cyst (a fluid-filled sac) or, more formally, part or all of an organ such as the bladder.

At Paul’s Hospital, we believe that knowledge and compassion are the best forms of care.

When the term “cystectomy” is used in gynaecological or urological contexts, the two most common scenarios are:

• Removal of a cyst from the ovary: an ovarian cystectomy.

• Removal of all or part of the bladder: a bladder cystectomy, often in the context of more serious disease.  

For the purpose of this article, we will focus on a gynaecological audience (women’s health), but also mention the broader context to ensure clarity.

Why Might You Need a Cystectomy?

There are many reasons why a cystectomy may be recommended, and it’s important to feel empowered by understanding them.

Common causes:

• An ovarian cyst that persists, grows, causes pain, or is suspected to be harmful may lead to an ovarian cystectomy.

• Bladder conditions (such as bladder cancer or serious bladder damage) may require a bladder cystectomy. 

• Conditions such as endometriosis or previous surgery can lead to cysts forming in uncommon places, which may prompt surgical removal.

• Hormonal imbalances can lead to ovarian cyst formation, or chronic inflammation may affect adjacent organs.

If cysts are causing pain, heavy periods, urinary difficulties, or bloating and don’t resolve naturally, then a cystectomy may become the most effective long-term solution.

Partial vs Total

• A partial cystectomy means only a portion of the affected organ (or bladder) is removed. 

• A total or radical cystectomy means the entire bladder (or affected organ) and possibly surrounding tissue are removed.  

At Paul’s Hospital, your surgeon will talk you through which approach suits your particular condition.

The Procedure: What to Expect

When you choose Paul’s Hospital for your cystectomy, our goal is to combine surgical precision with genuine support and humanity. Here's what the journey typically looks like.

Before surgery

• A detailed consultation: we will review your medical history, scan results, symptoms, and personal goals.

• Diagnostic imaging, such as ultrasound or MRI, is used to assess the size and location of the cyst or lesion.

• Pre-operative tests to ensure you are fit for surgery (blood tests, fitness checks, consultation about anaesthesia).

• A conversation about the kind of surgery: laparoscopic (minimally invasive) or open, depending on the size and location of the cyst. In the ovarian cyst context, laparoscopy may be preferred if possible. 

During the surgery

• Under general anaesthesia, the surgeon makes either small incisions (for laparoscopy) or a larger incision (for open surgery), depending on the case.

• The cyst (or part/all of the bladder) is carefully removed, preserving as much normal tissue as possible and protecting surrounding structures.

• If the bladder is removed, the surgeon will discuss urinary diversion (how urine is passed thereafter). 

• Duration and exact nature depend on the size, complexity, and the patient’s health.

At Paul’s Hospital

We emphasise that you are not just a case. We walk with you. From the moment you enter the hospital to the moment you leave, you’re supported with information, compassion, and respectful care.

Recovery and Life After Cystectomy

Recovery is individual. But at Paul’s, we guide you step by step, so you feel confident and cared for.

Initial recovery

• Depending on the surgery type (laparoscopic vs open), you may stay in the hospital from a couple of days to several days.

• You may experience mild soreness, fatigue, bloating, or changes in urinary/bowel habits.

• We advise gentle movement, rest, adequate nutrition, and good hydration.

Returning to routine

• Most women are able to resume light activity within one to two weeks—but full strength may take longer.

• Follow-up visits to monitor healing, discuss any changes in body function, and adjust medications.

• If the bladder was involved, there may be additional guidance on urinary diversion, lifestyle changes, and long-term monitoring. 

Emotional and personal support

Surgery is as emotional as it is clinical. At Paul’s, we provide counselling, answer your questions, hold space for your concerns, and always remember your story is unique.

Why Choose Paul’s Hospital for Your Cystectomy

Because here, we treat the person, not just the procedure.

• Advanced surgical facilities and minimally invasive options when appropriate.

• A patient-centred approach: we explain, we listen, we reassure.

• Specialised women’s health focus (for ovarian or other gynae-related cystectomies) combined with broad expertise.

• After-care designed for you: detailed guidance on medication, diet, activity, and emotional wellness.

• A comfortable, compassionate environment where your well-being matters.

A Final Word

A cystectomy isn’t the end of your normal life; it can be the beginning of a pain-free, healthier one.

If you’re facing a diagnosis that brings this option, remember: knowledge replaces fear. At Paul’s Hospital, we’re here to guide you through every step with clarity, compassion, and the medical excellence you deserve.